【surprise的用法】“Surprise” 是一个常见且多义的英文单词,既可以作为名词使用,也可以作为动词使用。在不同的语境中,它的含义和用法也有所不同。为了更好地理解和掌握 “surprise” 的用法,下面将从词性、常见搭配、例句以及用法对比等方面进行总结。
一、词性与基本含义
词性 | 含义 | 中文解释 |
名词 | 意外事件;惊讶 | 令人意外的事情或感觉 |
动词 | 使惊讶;使吃惊 | 让某人感到意外或震惊 |
二、常见用法与搭配
1. 作为名词使用
- a surprise:一个惊喜 / 意外
例句:She gave me a surprise birthday party.(她给我举办了一个惊喜生日派对。)
- be a surprise:令人惊讶的是
例句:It was a surprise that he passed the exam.(他通过考试真是令人惊讶。)
- give someone a surprise:给某人一个惊喜
例句:He surprised his wife with a trip to Paris.(他带妻子去巴黎旅行,给她一个惊喜。)
- in surprise:惊讶地
例句:She looked at him in surprise.(她惊讶地看着他。)
2. 作为动词使用
- surprise someone:使某人惊讶
例句:The news surprised me.(这个消息让我很惊讶。)
- surprise someone with something:用某物/某事让某人惊讶
例句:They surprised us with a gift.(他们送我们一份礼物,让我们大吃一惊。)
- surprise someone into doing something:让某人不自觉地做某事
例句:She surprised him into agreeing to the plan.(她让他不自觉地同意了这个计划。)
三、常见搭配与短语
短语 | 用法说明 | 例句 |
take someone by surprise | 出其不意地攻击或影响某人 | The attack took the enemy by surprise.(这次袭击出其不意地打击了敌人。) |
come as a surprise | 令人惊讶地发生 | His decision came as a surprise.(他的决定令人惊讶。) |
be taken by surprise | 被突如其来的状况打乱 | We were taken by surprise when the power went out.(停电时我们措手不及。) |
give someone a shock / surprise | 给某人一个震惊/惊喜 | The news gave her a shock.(这个消息让她震惊。) |
四、对比表格:名词 vs 动词用法
用法 | 词性 | 语法结构 | 举例 |
a surprise | 名词 | a + 名词 | There was a surprise in store for her. |
surprise someone | 动词 | 动词 + 宾语 | The results surprised everyone. |
surprise someone with something | 动词 + 宾语 + with | He surprised her with a ring. | |
be surprised | 形容词 | be + surprised | I am surprised by the outcome. |
五、小结
“Surprise” 是一个非常实用的词汇,既可以用作名词表示“意外”,也可以用作动词表示“使惊讶”。在实际使用中,要注意其不同词性下的搭配方式,并根据具体语境选择合适的表达方式。掌握这些用法,有助于提高英语表达的准确性和自然度。